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CURRICULUM VITAEPRIVATE
Name: Ahmed
Mohamed EL Hassan.
Address:
Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
P.O. Box 102,
Khartoum, Sudan.
Nationality: Sudanese
Date of birth: 10
April 1930.
Sex: Male
Qualifications:
Date
Institution
Qualification obtained
1974 Royal Collage of Physicians,
London F.R.C.P.
1964 University of
Edinburgh, Ph.D.
1960 University of
London. D.C.P.
1964 Royal College of Pathologists,
London F.R.C. Path.
1955 University of Khartoum,
Sudan. D.K.S.M.
Awards and Honours:
Date Awarding
body Name of award
1955 Kitchener Memorial
Fund Kitchener Memorial Prize
1955 University of
Khartoum Distinction and prizes in Medicine and
Surgery
1977 Government of Sudan Gold
Medal for Research and Science
1986 World Health
Organization Shousha Prize
1979 Government of
Sudan El Neelain Order (First Class)
1995 Government of
Sudan Order of Merit (First Class)
1996 Donald Mackay
Medal Royal Soc of Tropical Medicine and hygiene UK
Positions held:
Date
Position
1955-1957
Housemanship, Ministry of Health, Sudan
1957-1958 Medical
Officer, Ministry of Health, Sudan
1958-1960
Research Assistant, Pathology Department, and faculty of
Medicine, University of Khartoum
1960-1961 Honorary
Registrar, Pathology Department, Postgraduate Medical School,
London
1961-1962 D.C.P.
Course, London
1962-1963 Lecturer
in Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum
1963-1965 Ph.D
Student, Pathology Department, University of Edinburgh
1965-1966 Senior
Lecturer and Head, Department of Pathology, University of
Khartoum
1966-1969 Professor
of Pathology, University of Khartoum
1969-1971 Dean,
Faculty of Medicine and Deputy Vice Chancellor, University of
Khartoum
1971-1972
Minister of Higher Education and Research, Sudan
1972-1977 Chairman
Medical Research Council, National Council for Research, Sudan
1977-1979 Chairman &
Professor, Pathology Department. College of Medicine and Medical
Sciences, King Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
1979-1980 Professor of
Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chairman, Medical Research
Council, Khartoum, Director of Tropical Diseases, Institute,
Khartoum
1980-1987 Professor of
Pathology, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King
Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia and Director of
Research, Translations and Publications, College of Medicine and
Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
1988-1991 Professor of
Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum
1993-2000 Director,
Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum.
Professor of Pathology, Ahfad
School of Medicine, Ahfad University for Women, Omdurman, Sudan.
Emeritus
Professor of Pathology, University of Khartoum.
2005 to date President
Sudanese National Academy of Sciences (SNAS)
2005 to date President
Sudanese Cancer Society
Contribution to medical education,
health manpower development and research administration:
Establishment of the following
institutions and activities:-
-
Institute of Medical
Laboratory Technology, University of Khartoum 1965. It is
now elevated to College of Medical Laboratory Technology,
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.
-
Ministry of Higher Education
and Scientific Research, Sudan -1970.
-
Institute of Tropical
Medicine, National Council for Research, Sudan.
-
Department of Pathology,
Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal
University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
-
Directorate of Research,
Publications and Translations, Faculty of Medicine and
Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi
Arabia.
-
College of Medical Laboratory
Technology, Ahlia University, Omdurman, Sudan.
-
Department of Pathology,
School of Medicine, Ahfad University College for Women,
Omdurman, Sudan.
-
Institute of Endemic Diseases,
University of Khartoum.
-
The Sudanese Society of
Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
-
Supervision or co-supervision
of M Sc, PhD or M.D. thesis in the Universities of
Khartoum, Amsterdam and Copenhagen.
Membership of Scientific Bodies
and Societies:
-
Scientific Technical Advisory
Committee (STAC )TDR 1979-1982 and 1983-1986
-
Advisory Committee on Health
Research EMRO/WHO.
-
Sudan Society for Pathology.
-
International Academy of
Pathology (Middle East).
-
New York Academy for Sciences.
-
Sudanese Society of Tropical
Medicine and Hygiene.
Current Research:
1. Epidemiological,
clinical and therapeutic studies on leishmaniasis in the
Sudan.
2. Evaluation
of molecular biological and serological methods in the diagnosis
of leishmaniasis under field conditions.
3. Immunopathology
of leishmaniasis.
4.
Vaccines aginst leishmaniasis.
5. Epidemiology
and immunopathology of mycetoma in the Sudan.
6. Epidemiology
of leprosy in the southern part of Gedaref State, Sudan.
7. Epidemiology
of malaria in two villages on the Rahad River, Gedarif State,
Sudan.
8. Cancer
and infectious agents
9. Published
Papers before 1990 (El Hassan et. al):
1 Pulmonary Cytomegalic inclusion body disease in a diabetic. J.
Clin. Path., 15, 17, 1962.
2 Salivary gland tumours in the Sudan. Sud. Med. J., 1, 3,1962.
3 Multicentric sarcoma of the jaw. Sud. Med. J., 1, 168, 1962.
4 Cancer
of the female genital tract among the Sudanese. J. Obst. Gynae.,
70, 495, 1963.
5 Cancer
in the Sudan. Sud. Med. J., 2, 29, 1963.
6 Inhibition and enhancement of the Landschuts ascites
tumour. Proceedings of International Congress of Chemotherapy,
Stuttgart, Germany, 1963.
7 Inhibition
and enhancement of a mouse ascites tumour after treatment with
living lymphoid cells. Lancet, 11, 496, 1963.
8 Specific Inhibition
of the Landschuts tumour by an isogenic cellular system. Lancet,
1,913, 1964.
9 The
Pathology of the Landschuts ascites tumour. Brit. J. Cancer, 28,
551, 1964.
10 Cancer
of the bladder in the Sudanese and its relationship to
Bilharziasis. Al-Hakeem, 20, 74, 1964.
11 Changes
in the lymphoreticular tissues of mice bearing the Landschuts
tumour. Brit. J. Cancer, 19, 343, 1965.
12 Survival
of isogenic splenic grafts. J. Path. Bact., 90, 664, 1965.
13 Pathological
aspects of Schistosomiasis in Sudan. Al-Hakeem, 20, 58, 1966.
14 Aortic
onchocerciasis due to onchocerca armillatta in Sudan cattle. Sud.
Med. J., 4, 147, 1966.
15 Inhibition
and enhancement of the Landschutz ascites tumour with lymphoid
cells. J. Path. Bact., 91, 11-31, 1966.
16 A
comparative study of the DNA complement of malignant tumours.
Sud. Med. J., 4, 1, 1966.
17 Malignant
disease in Sudanese children. Sud. Med. J., 5, 2, 68, 1967.
18 Unusual
forms of cardiomyopathy. Sud. Med. J., 5, 2, 68, 1967.
19 Oral
and oropharyngeal tumours in the Sudan. Sud. Med. J., 5, 8-16,
1967.
20 Contribution
to the pathological aspects of ainhum. Sud Med. J., 5, 82-87,
1967.
21
Bilharziasis
in the Sudan. Cs. Patal., Vol. 3, No. IV, 244- 252, 1967.
22 Kaposi's
sarcoma in the Sudan. Sud. Med. J., 5 (4), 213,1967.
23 Malignant
disease of the upper respiratory tract. Proceeding of the
Conference of Cancer in East Africa, Nairobi, 1968.
24 Aspects
of malignant disease in the Sudan. Proceedings of the Conference
on Cancer in East Africa, Nairobi, 1968.
25 The hereditary blood factors of
the Beja of the Sudan. Man., 3, 272, 1968.
26 Non-healing
midline granuloma. Sud. Med. J., Vol. 6, 1968.
27 Autopsy
findings in Khartoum. Sud. Med. J., Vol. 6, 1968.
28 Sudan
mucosal leishmaniasis. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. & Hyg.,
63, 123-128, 1969.
29 Mucosal
leishmaniasis in the Sudan. Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasitol., 63,
123-128, 1969.
30 Cervical
lymphadenopathy caused by aspergillus terreus. Brit. Med. J., 1,
689-690, 1969.
31 Primary
Aspergilloma of Paranasal sinuses in the Sudan. Brit. J. Surg.,
56, 132, 1969.
32 White
bile in Sudanese patients with cholelithiasis. Ain. Shams. Med.
J., Vol. 20, No. 2, 1969.
33 Phycomycosis.
Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. & Hyg., 64, 134-137, 1970.
34 Tumoral
calcinosis. Sud. Med. J., 9, 133, 1971.
35 Lymph
node involvement in mycetoma. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. &
Hyg., 165, 1972.
36 Cardiovascular
disease in Khartoum, postmortem and clinical evidence. Trop.
Geogr. Med., 24, 118, 1972.
37
Pulmonary
aspergillosis caused by aspergillus flavus. Thorax, 27, 33-37,
1972.
38 Hycanthone
trial in the treatment of Schistosoma mansoni infection in the
Sudan. J. Trop. Med. & Hyg., 75, 165-8, 1972.
39 Further
observations on the primary paranasal aspergillus granuloma in
the Sudan. Am. J. Trop. Med. & Hyg., 75, 165-8,1972.
40 Cutaneous
leishmaniasis in the Sudan. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. & Hyg.,
67, 549-559, 1973.
41 Studies
in the anaemia of kowashorkor and marasmus in the Sudan. J Trop
Pediatr Environ Health1973;19:91-7.
42 Arterial
changes in Kalazar. Act. Morph. Acad. Sci., Hung., 21, Suppl.,
14, 32, 1973.
43 Morphological
observations on visceral leishmaniasis in the Sudan. Trop. Geogr.
Med., 26, 198-201, 1974.
44 Superficial
cancer in the Sudan. Brit. J. Cancer, 30, 355, 1974.
45 Adenoacanthoma
in endometriosis of the broad ligament. Sudan Med. J., 12,
22-25, 1974.
46 Proceedings:
Some blood characteristics in the major tribes of the Sudan.
West Afr J Pharmacol Drug Res1974;2:110
47 Preliminary
report on the pathology of the nephrotic syndrome in Sudanese
patients. West Afr. J. Pharmacol. Drug Res., 2, 111, 1974.
48 Pattern
of cancer of the bladder in the Sudan and its relationship to
Schistosomiasis. J. Trop. Med. & Hyg., 78, 219, 1975.
49 Sudan
Mucosal Leishmaniasis. Trans. Roy. Trop. Med. & Hyg., 69, 1975.
50 Some
aspects of the surgical pathology of schistosomiasis in the
Sudan. East Afr. Med. J., 52, 183-195, 1975.
51 Leiomyoma
in the cervix and hyperplastic ectopic mammary tissue in a goat.
Aust. Vet. J., 51, 362, 1975 (letter).
52 Pattern
of bladder cancer in the Sudan and its relation to
Schistosomiasis: a study of 255 vesical carcinomas. J Trop Med
hyg1975;78:219-23.
53 Burkitts
lymphoma in the Sudan. Afr. J. Med. Sci., 5, 30-34, 1976.
54 Tumoral
lipocalcinosis: a clinicopathological study of 20 cases. J
pathol1976;19:113-8
55 Morphology
of the spleen and lymph nodes in fatal visceral leishmaniasis.
Immunology, 33, 605-610, 1977.
56 Immunological
status of mycetoma patients. Bull Soc Pathol Exot
Filiales1977;70:48-54.
57 Northward
spread of visceral leishmaniasis in the Sudan. Trans. R. Soc.
Trop. Med. & Hyg., 70, 266 (letter), 1979.
58 The
pathology of Schistosomiasis in Sudan. Trop. Geogr. Med., 29,
56-64, 1977.
59 The nephrotic syndrome in the Sudan with special reference to
schistosomal nephropathy. Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasitol., 72, 357,
1978.
60 Mycetoma
in goats. Sabourodia, 16, 217, 1978.
61 Studies
of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern Sudan. Ann. Trop. Med. &
Parasitol., 72, 349-352.
62 Electron
microscope investigation on leishmaniasis in the Sudan (I)
Morphometric studies on leishmania parasites in various forms of
human leishmaniasis. Ann. of Trop. Med. & Parasi., 44,
421-426, 1980.
63 Louse-borne
relapsing fever in the Sudan. A historical review and
clinicopathological study. Trop. Geogr. Med., 32,106, 1980.
64 Pattern
of the nephrotic syndrome in the Sudan. Ann. Med. Parasitol.,
74, 37-44, 1980.
65 Fibrous
epulis in a one-humped camel. Zbl. Vet. A., 27, 675- 677, 1980.
66
Electron microscopic investigations on leishmaniasis in the
Sudan: (II). Ultrastructural morphology of macrophage-parasite
interaction in human and hamster macrophages in vivo. Ann. Trop.
Med. Parasitol., 75, 607-613, 1981.
67 Spontaneous
release of macrophages from lysogenic bovine strains. Tubercle,
6, 263-9, 1981.
68 Primary
intestinal tuberculosis. Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasitol., 76,
317-322, 1982.
69 Expanding
clinical spectrum of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia.
Proceedings of the 8th Saudi Medical Conference, 1982 (in
press).
70 The
pathology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia.
Proceedings of the 8th Saudi Medical Conference, 1982 (in
press).
71 Expanding
clinical spectrum of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia.
In: Second Annual Progress Report of the National
Leishmaniasis Research Project. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Saudi
National Centre for Science and Technology, pp. 123-143. ,1983.
72 Visceral
spreading depletion of thymus - dependent regions and
amyloidosis in mice and hamsters infected intradermally with
leishmania isolated from Sudanese cutaneous leishmaniasis. Br.
J. Exp. Path., 64, 605, 1984.
73 The
ultrastructural morphology of human cutaneous leishmaniasis of
low parasite load. Acta. Dermato-Venereologica, 64, 501-5, 1984.
74 Abdominal
tuberculosis. Postgraduate Doctor, 7, 718-724, 1984.
75 The
pathology of Aspergillus flavus in uncompromized host. East Afr.
Med. J., 61, 837-842, 1984.
76 Malignant
lymphomas at the pathology department, University of Khartoum.
East Afr. Med. J., 61, No. 8, 1984
77 Immunohistochemical
demonstration of lysozome and S100 protein antigen-containing
cells in chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Acta. Path. Microbiol.
Immunol. Scand., 99, 331-334, 1985.
78 A
clinicopathological study of intestinal bilharziasis in the
Sudan. East Afr. Med. J., 397-402, 1985.
79 Primary
Paranasal Aspergillus granuloma. Postgraduate Doctor, 9, 258-82,
1985.
80 Vascular
changes in human leishmaniasis: A light microscope and
immunohistochemical study. Ann. Trop. Med. Parsitol., 80,
183-188, 1986.
81 Dermal
and mucosal leishmaniasis in the Sudan in "Leishmaniasis in
Saudi Arabia" published by the Saudi Ministry of Health, 1986
pp.
82
Ketoconazole in cutaneous
leishmaniasis: results of a pilot study. Saudi Med. J., 7,
596-604, 1986.
83 Immunohistological
investigation in chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia
Trop Geogr Med1986;38:380-5
84 Lymphocyte
phenotypes and HLA-DR expression in lesions of cutaneous
leishmaniasis and their draining lymph nodes. Ann. Saud. Med.,
212-220,1987.
85 Dissemination
in cutaneous leishmaniasis: 1. Subcutaneous nodules. Int. J.
Dermatol., 1987.
86 Peripheral
nerve involvement in cutaneous leishmaniasis: Int. J. Dermatol.,
26, 527-531, 1987.
87 Chronic
obstructive mastitis in the camel: A clinicopathological study.
Cornell Vet., 77, 132-150, 1987.
88 Leishmania
infecting man and wild animals in Saudi Arabia, canine cutaneous
leishmaniasis in the Eastern Province. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop.
Med. & Hyg., 81, 925-927, 1987.
89 The
histopathology of naturally occurring cutaneous leishmaniasis in
the reservoir host, Psammomys obesus. Bull. Soc. Path. Ex., 80,
615-623, 1987.
90 Clinical
diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (oriental sore). J. Am.
Acad. Dermatol., 16, 1183-1189, 1987a.
91 Dissemination
in cutaneous leishmaniasis. 1. Subcutaneous nodules. Int. J.
Dermatol., 26, 300-304,1987b.
92 Treatment
of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Sud. Med. J, special issue, p.11,
1987.
93 Glycosylated
haemoglobin: An indicator of long-term blood glucose in domestic
sheep and goats. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 90a: 229-231, 1988.
94 A
case of African histoplasmosis from the Sudan. Trans. Roy. Soc.
Trop. Med. & Hyg., 82, 503-505, 1988.
95 Dissemination
in cutaneous leishmaniasis. 2. Satellite papules and
subcutaneous induration. Int. J. Dermatol., 27, 702-706,1988.
96 Intersexuality
in goats NZ Vet J Erratum NZ J vet J 1989;37:50.
97 Dissemination
in cutaneous leishmaniasis. 3. Lymph node involvement. Int. J.
Dermatol., 28, 248-254, 1989a.
98
Cryosurgery in Old World cutaneous
leishmaniasis. Brit. J. Dermatol., 118, 851-854, 1989b.
99 Peripheral
neural involvement in cutaneous leishmaniasis. A pathologic
study of human and experimental lesions. Int. J. Dermatol., 28:
243-247, 1989.
List of publications since 1990:
100 El-Hassan,
A.M., Ahmed, M.A.M., Abdul Rahim, A.G., Abdul Satir, A., Wasfi,
A., Kordofani, A.A.Y., Mustafa, M.D., Wasfi, S., Bella, H. &
Karrar, M.O. Visceral leishmaniasis in the Sudan: clinical and
hematological features. Ann. Saudi Med., 10, 51-56, 1990a.
101 El
Hassan, A.M., Ghalib, H.W., Zijlstra, E.E., El Toum, I.A., Ali,
M.S., Ahmed, H.M.A. Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in the
absence of active visceral leishmaniasis. Lancet, 336, 750,
1990.
102 Zijlstra,
E.E., Ali M.S., El Hassan, A.M., El-Toum, I.A., Satti, M.,
Ghalib, H.W., Sondorp, E. & Winkler, A. Kala-azar in displaced
people from southern Sudan: epidemiological, clinical and
therapeutic findings. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 85,
365-369, 1991a.
103 Zijlstra,
E.E., Ali M.S., El Hassan, A.M., El-Toum, I.A., Satti, M.,
Ghalib, H.W. & Kager, P.A. Direct agglutination test for
diagnosis and sero-epidemiological survey of kala-azar in the
Sudan. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 85, 474-476, 1991b.
104
El Hassan , A.M., El Sheikh, E.A.,
El Toum, I.A., Ghalib, H.W., Ali, M.S., Zijlstra, E., &
Satti, M.M. Post-kala-azar anterior uveitis: demonstration of
Leishmania parasites in the lesion. Trans. Roy. Trop.
Med. Hyg., 85, 471-473, 1991.
105 Ramadan
RO, EL Hassan AM. Squamois cell carcinoma in sheep in Saudi
Arabia. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop1991;44:23-6
106 EL
Hassan AM, EL Toum IA, EL Asha BM The Marrara syndrome:
isolation of Linguata serrata nymphs from a patient and the
viscera of goats. Tran R Soc Trop Med Hyg1991;85:309.
107 El
Hassan A.M., Ali, M.S., Zijlstra, E.E., El Toum, I.A., Ghalib,
H.W. & Ahmed, H.M.A. Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in the
Sudan: peripheral neural involvement. Int. J. Dermatol., 31,
400-403, 1992a.
108 El
Hassan, A.M., Ghalib, H.W., Zijlstra, E.E., El Toum, I.A., Satti,
M., Ali, M.S. & Ali, H.M.A. Post kala-azar dermal
leishmaniasis in the Sudan: clinical features, pathology
and treatment. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 86, 245-248,
1992b.
109 Zijlstra
E.E., Siddig, Ali M., El Hassan, A.M., El Toum, I.A., Satti, M.,
Ghalib H.W. Clinical aspects of kala-azar in
children from the Sudan. A comparison with the disease in
adults. J. Trop. Paed., 1992; 38: 17-21.
110 El
Toum, I.A., Zijlstra, E.E., Ali, M.S., Ghalib, H.W., Satti,
M.M.H., El Toum B.& El Hassan A.M. Congenital kala-azar and
leishmaniasis of the placenta. Am. J. Trop. Med., 46, 57-62,
1992.
111 Zijlstra,
E.E., Siddig, Ali M., El Hassan, A.M., El Toum, I.A., Satti, M.,
Ghalib, H.W., Kager, P.A. Comparative parasitological methods
and the direct agglutination test in the diagnosis of kala-azar.
Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 86: 505-507, 1992.
112 Ghalib,
H.W., El Toum, I.A., Kroon, C.C.M.& El Hassan, A.M.
Identification of Leishmania from mucosal leishmaniasis in the
Sudan by recombinant DNA probes. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg.,
86, 158-160, 1992.
113 Abbas,
K., El Toum, I.A. & El Hassan, A.M. Oral leishmaniasis
associated with kala-azar. A case report. Oral Surg., Oral Med.
& Oral Path., 73, 583-584, 1992.
114 El
Hassan, A.M., Hashim, F.A., Abdalla, M., Zijlstra, E.E. & Ghalib,
H.W. Distinguishing post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis from
leprosy: experience in the Sudan. Lepr. Rev., 64, 53-59, 1993.
115 Zijlstra,
E.E., Siddig, Ali M., El Hassan, A.M., Hofland, H.W.C., El Toum,
I.A., Satti, M. & Ghalib, H.W. The treatment of kala-azar with
sodium stibogluconate in the Sudan: a randomized trial of three
dosage regimens. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 87: 307-309,
1993.
116 Zijlstra,
E.E., El-Hassan, A.M. Leishmanin and tuberculin sensitivity in
leishmaniasis in the Sudan, with special reference to kala-azar.
Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 87, 425-427, 1993.
117 El
Hassan, A.M., Hashim, F.A., Ali M.S., Ghalib, H.W. & Zijlstra,
E.E. Kala-azar in western Upper Nile in the southern Sudan and
its spread to a nomadic tribe from the north. Trans. Roy. Soc.
Trop. Med. Hyg., 87, 395-398, 1993a.
118 El
Hassan, A.M., Zijlstra, E.E., Meredith, S.E.O., Ghalib, H.W. &
Ismail, A. Identification of Leishmania donovani using a
polymerase chain reaction in patient and animal material
obtained from an area of endemic kala-azar in the Sudan. Acta.
Trop., 55, 87-90, 1993b.
119 Meredith,
S.E.O., Zijlstra, E.E., Schoone, G.J., Kroon, C.C.M., van Eys,
G.J.J.M., Schaeffer, K.U, El Hassan, A.M., Lawyer, P.G.
Development of the Polymerase Chain Reaction for the
detection and identification of Leishmania
parasites, and the application of the PCR for detection of
parasites in clinical material. Arch. Inst. Pasteur Tunis, 1993,
70 (3-4), 419-431.
120 Ghalib,
H.W., Piuvezam, M.R., Skeiky, N.W., Siddig, M., Hashim, F.A., El
Hassan, A.M., Russo D.M. & Reed, S.G. Interleukin -10
production correlates with pathology in human Leishmania
infection. J. Clin. Invest., 92, 324-329, 1993.
121 Kadaro,
A.Y., Ghalib, H.W., Ali, M.S., El Toum, I.A., Ismail, A., Gaafar,
A., Kemp, M., Kordofani, A.A.Y., Reed, S.G., El-Hassan, A.M.,
Kharazmi, A., Hag Ali, M. & Mustafa, M,D. Prevalence of
cutaneous leishmaniasis along the Nile river north of Khartoum
(Sudan) in the aftermath of an epidemic in 1985. Am. J. Trop.
Med. Hyg. , 48,44-49, 1993.
122 El-Hassan,
A.M., Gaafar, A.& Theander, T. Antigen presenting cells in human
cutaneous leishmaniasis due to L.major. Clin. Exp.
Immunol, 99,445-453,1994a.
123 El-Hassan,
A.M., Yagi, H., El Kadaro, A. Y. & Zijlstra, E.E. Leishmaniasis
of the nose caused by different species of Leishmania.
Trop. Geogr. Med., 46, 33-36, 1994b.
124 Zijlstra,
E. E., El Hassan, A. M., Ismail, A. & Ghalib, H.W. Endemic
kala-azar in eastern Sudan: a longitudinal study on the
incidence of clinical and subclinical disease and post-kala-azar
dermal leishmaniasis. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 51, 826-836,1994.
125 Gaafar,
A., Fadl, A., El Kadaro, A. Y., El-Hassan, M. M., Kemp, M.,
Ismail, A.I.A., Morgos, S.A. & El-Hassan, A.M. Sporotrichoid
cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major of
different zymodemes in the Sudan and Saudi Arabia: a comparative
study. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg, 88, 552-554,
1994.
126 El
Hag, I.A., Hashim, F.A., El-Toum, I.A., Homeida, H., El Khalifa,
M. & El-Hassan, A.M. Liver morphology and function in visceral
leishmaniasis (kala-azar). J. Clin. Path, 47, 547-551, 1994.
127 Hashim,
F.A.& El-Hassan, A.M. Tinea versicolor and visceral
leishmaniasis. Int. J. Dermatol., 33, 258-259, 1994.
128 Hashim,
F.A., Ali, M.S., Satti, M., El-Hassan, A.M., Ghalib, H.W., El-Safi,
S. & El Hag, I.A. An outbreak of acute kala-azar in a nomadic
tribe in western Sudan: features of the disease in a previously
non-immune population. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg, 88,
431-432, 1994.
129
Ibrahim, M.E., Hag-Ali, M., El-Hassan, A.M., Theander, T.G., &
Kharazmi, A. Leishmania resistant to sodium
stibogluconate: drug-associated macrophage-dependent killing.
Parasitol. Res., 80, 569-574, 1994b.
130 Gaafar,
A., El Kadaro, A.Y., Theander, T.G., Permin, H., Ismail, A.,
Kharazmi, A. & El-Hassan, A.M. the pathology of cutaneous
leishmaniasis due to L. major in the Sudan. Am. J.
Trop. Med. Hyg., 52, 438-442, 1995a.
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150 &nbs |
